Tire StructureSince tires come in direct
contact with the surface of the road while driving, they are produced in a
scientific structure in association with rubber layers of various components
to protect the surface from external shock or damage.
1. Tread
It indicates the area in contact with the road. Since it is
in thick rubber layer, it protects the inside carcass against impact and
external damage while serving a role to extend the abrasion life. It
also grants the various functions, such as breaking force, driving
force, and drainage through the tread pattern on the tire surface.
2. Side wall
It is the side part of a tire (Part between the shoulder
and bead). It serves the role to protect the carcass code against
moisture or friction while bearing the repeated act of bending and
stretching (Extension and contraction) while driving. On the surface of
a tire, information, such as a brand name, size, number of manufacture,
safety indication, and Treadwear Index (TI), are indicated.
3. Carcass
Carcass is the frame of a tire. Since it supports the
strong air pressure, it must be strong enough while being flexible to
absorb the load changes and external impact. Carcass is composed of code
layer that is wrapped with rubber. In general, a tire is classified into
a radial and bias tire depending on the direction of the tire code. The
code for a bus and truck is made of nylon and steel in general while
polyester, rayon, or nylon code is used for the tires of vehicles.
4. Belt
It is a powerful reinforced layer that is introduced to the
circumference direction between the tread and carcass in a radial tire.
It serves the role of a break and especially, it secures steering
performance and
stability and increases the elasticity of the tread part by firmly
holding the carcass.
5. Bead
It is the part where a tire and rim are combined. At the
center, there is a ring-shaped bead wire made of steel and it covers the
end of the carcass. It serves the role to set the high-pressured air to
the wide tire and rim and especially, the bead part of the
tubeless tire takes a significant role to maintain
the air-tightness.
6. Inner liner
The rubber layer of a non-tube type tire is specially made
to prevent air release.
The inner liner of a non-tube type tire serves the identical role as an
inner tube of a tube-type tire.
